DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.36956#0127
The clerical specialists, holy men, and the descendants of holy men,
themselves fulfilled a crucial function. They were recompensed for their
efforts. Called they were not all equal in origin. The Sayyeds
claimed to be descendants of the Prophet, the had
ancestors who had religious qualities, which attracted many students,
and the .ya/n'hza&M were respected as saints, many of them being buried
m a Ziarat later; the were from the society's lower stratum. Such
saintly persons had lands not submitted to re-allotment - but their land
was used to separate the neighbouring Zfz/, in order to avoid the other-
wise inevitable conflicts over boundaries.
In Swat the designation Pakhtun, in other areas used as a synonym for
Pathan, was reserved for those who were regular members of one of the
descent groups forming the k/zu/ and had the right to a share in the next
division of the common land, called ^uzvrur. Apart from lands granted
solely to the membership of the /fz/, there were other areas owned
without political sanction, called ^urz.
Not long before the Yusufzai and other powerful tribes had conquered
vast areas suitable for agriculture, they had been nomadic or semi-
nomadic tribes. Each time the was*/? was carried out, there was a moment
of nostalgia, as landowners became nomads for a day, and migrated to
the area which they had received through the latest distribution by lot. In
the course of this short migration certain craftsmen joined them: acting
either as nuz (barber), uzngur (blacksmith), zOrkaz? (carpenter) or Azk/zm
(watchmen for the fields). They were called This inner circle
was rewarded with a piece of land or a fixed share of the harvest. Other
craftsmen, such as the moc/zz (shoemaker), the ?<Nz (oil pressers) and the
/o/<3 (weaver) were not included.
Tenants who remained with the land were the Eeg/zazM and the ^zzkzT^
('fakirs'), for the most part descendants of the indigenous population.
Servants who organised small-scale transport were calledFor
their services they received a minor share of the harvest.
Ill
themselves fulfilled a crucial function. They were recompensed for their
efforts. Called they were not all equal in origin. The Sayyeds
claimed to be descendants of the Prophet, the had
ancestors who had religious qualities, which attracted many students,
and the .ya/n'hza&M were respected as saints, many of them being buried
m a Ziarat later; the were from the society's lower stratum. Such
saintly persons had lands not submitted to re-allotment - but their land
was used to separate the neighbouring Zfz/, in order to avoid the other-
wise inevitable conflicts over boundaries.
In Swat the designation Pakhtun, in other areas used as a synonym for
Pathan, was reserved for those who were regular members of one of the
descent groups forming the k/zu/ and had the right to a share in the next
division of the common land, called ^uzvrur. Apart from lands granted
solely to the membership of the /fz/, there were other areas owned
without political sanction, called ^urz.
Not long before the Yusufzai and other powerful tribes had conquered
vast areas suitable for agriculture, they had been nomadic or semi-
nomadic tribes. Each time the was*/? was carried out, there was a moment
of nostalgia, as landowners became nomads for a day, and migrated to
the area which they had received through the latest distribution by lot. In
the course of this short migration certain craftsmen joined them: acting
either as nuz (barber), uzngur (blacksmith), zOrkaz? (carpenter) or Azk/zm
(watchmen for the fields). They were called This inner circle
was rewarded with a piece of land or a fixed share of the harvest. Other
craftsmen, such as the moc/zz (shoemaker), the ?<Nz (oil pressers) and the
/o/<3 (weaver) were not included.
Tenants who remained with the land were the Eeg/zazM and the ^zzkzT^
('fakirs'), for the most part descendants of the indigenous population.
Servants who organised small-scale transport were calledFor
their services they received a minor share of the harvest.
Ill