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the obvious shortcomings of this procedure, priority was given to
a publication of the material rather, even before a comprehensive
understanding of all inscriptions, as it is hoped that this might
pave the way to further insights into this rich epigraphical
material.
The inscriptions, if written in an Indian script, may be divided
into two groups, the older being written in KharosthI, the
younger in Brahmi. Within the Brahmi group the different forms
of this script range from a late Kusana — early Gupta type of the
4th century AD^ to the fully developed Sarada with some in-
scriptions written in a type of Brahmi resembling the so-called
nail-headed Central Asian Brahmi and some different
kinds of a highly ornamental Brahmi sometimes not easy to read.
However, the palaeographic investigation into these scripts is still
in its very beginnings, and a final classification can be reached at
only after a comprehensive study of the entire material.
Besides Brahmi and KharosthI there are inscriptions in Sogdian
script, some in Chinese and Tibetan characters, about ten in
Bactrian, and finally one in Hebrew.
According to their respective contents the inscriptions may be
arranged as follows:
TYPE 1 contains only naipes either in the nominative or ending-
less, or less often in the genitive case. The following examples
chosen to examplify this type have been collected mostly from
Oshibat, stone no. 18, an isolated big boulder covered by more
than 125 inscriptions, among which there are some in KharosthI

and Sogdian.
1. sn (641-84/18/61) P/. 44
2. a: sn P/. 45
b: 7Mp (641-84/18/78)4
3. sn (641-84/18/37) P/. 46
4. (641-84/18/47) P/. 47
5. (642-84/21/7) P/. 4P
6. fy/ (641-84/18/50, 86)^ P/. 4P, 56

3 The dating follows L. SANDER, below p. 121.
4 In inscriptions written in two or more lines, the lines have been marked
by <3;, 5, c, etc.
5 This name occurs twice on the same stone.

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© Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften